Texas dairies losing 15% milk yield this summer while some ops maintain 92% – the $10K daily difference that’s reshaping our industry
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Look, I’ve been watching these markets for decades, and what happened Tuesday tells us everything about where this industry’s headed. Cheese and butter got hammered – but the real story isn’t the 2¢ and 4¢ drops, it’s how smart producers are turning market chaos into profit opportunities. Your milk-to-feed ratio just hit 1.95… that’s below the 2.0 stress line where operations start making hard choices about cow numbers. But here’s what caught my attention – while Texas dairies are seeing 15% production drops from heat stress, operations with AI-driven cooling systems are maintaining 92% of peak production. That’s an $8,000-10,000 daily revenue difference on a 2,000-cow operation.The currency headwinds are brutal – EU cheese is 12-15% cheaper than ours in Asian markets. Meanwhile, Wisconsin co-ops are paying +$0.75 basis premiums because they need consistent supply. The gap between efficient operations and everyone else is widening fast, and 2025’s market conditions are rewarding those who adapt.You need to see exactly how the leaders are navigating this volatility.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
- Heat stress mitigation is now a competitive weapon – Operations with advanced cooling maintain 85% production vs. 70% for competitors, generating $8K-10K extra daily revenue. Install real-time monitoring systems before August heat peaks hit your region.
- Regional basis opportunities are exploding – Southwest processors offering +$0.50 to +$0.75 premiums while Upper Midwest sees +$0.15 to +$0.30. Negotiate with multiple regional buyers now while supply tightness gives you leverage in 2025’s volatile market.
- DRP enrollment surge reveals smart risk strategy – Leading producers using 60% DRP coverage plus 20% put options, leaving 20% upside exposure. With milk-to-feed ratios at 1.95, this approach protects against catastrophic losses while maintaining profit potential.
- Technology adoption creates measurable advantages – Genomic selection delivering 2-3% annual efficiency gains, precision feeding optimizing every tenth of a pound per cow. These aren’t future investments anymore – they’re survival tools when margins are this tight.
- Global competitive pressure demands operational excellence – Currency headwinds make U.S. exports 12-15% more expensive than EU competitors. Focus on feed efficiency, component optimization, and cost control because pricing power is limited in today’s global market.
So here’s what happened today… and honestly, it’s the kind of market move that makes you want to double-check your risk management strategy. Both cheese and butter got hammered in the spot market, and if you’re like most producers I know, you’re probably wondering what this means for that August milk check you’re already calculating in your head.
The thing about these simultaneous drops is they don’t happen in isolation. When cheese blocks fall 2 cents and butter drops 4 cents on the same day, it’s usually telling us something bigger about where buyers’ heads are at. And right now? They’re clearly not in a buying mood.
What strikes me about today’s session is how the volume backed up the price moves. We saw real business getting done at these lower levels – 4 loads of cheese blocks actually traded down to $1.6250. That’s not just paper trading or algorithmic noise. That’s actual product changing hands at prices that hurt.
Today’s Reality Check: The Numbers That Actually Matter
Let me break down what moved today, because the details matter when you’re trying to figure out where your milk check is headed:
Product | Price | Today’s Move | Trades | Bid/Ask Spread | What This Really Means |
Cheese Blocks | $1.6250/lb | -2.00¢ | 4 | 3 bids vs 1 offer | Direct hit to Class III – buyers stepping back |
Cheese Barrels | $1.6500/lb | -2.00¢ | 0 | 0 bids vs 1 offer | Barrel premium signals aging demand but no urgency |
Butter | $2.5400/lb | -4.00¢ | 0 | 1 bid vs 3 offers | Sellers motivated, buyers absent – classic bearish setup |
NDM Grade A | $1.2750/lb | +0.75¢ | 4 | 2 bids vs 3 offers | Export strength providing support despite broader weakness |
Dry Whey | $0.5725/lb | +0.50¢ | 0 | 2 bids vs 1 offer | Minor help for Class III but not enough to offset losses |
Here’s the thing though – while the cash market was getting roughed up, the futures complex told a slightly different story. Class III July futures closed at $17.39/cwt and Class IV at $19.01/cwt. That $1.62 spread between the two is… well, it’s telling us that the market still sees value in the fat complex relative to protein.
What’s particularly noteworthy about today’s bid/ask action is how thin the butter market became. One bid against three offers? That’s not a balanced market – that’s sellers looking for buyers who just aren’t there. I’ve seen this pattern before, and it usually means we’re in for more weakness until something changes the dynamic.
A longtime CME floor trader I spoke with this afternoon put it bluntly: “The butter buyers completely disappeared today. When you see that kind of imbalance, it’s usually not a one-day event. This feels like the beginning of a correction, not the end.”
The U.S. Picture: Margins, Heat, and Hard Choices
Feed Costs Are Making Everyone Nervous
The feed situation right now is honestly keeping me up at night, and I know it’s doing the same for producers across the country. December corn closed at $4.1925/bushel, and soybean meal at $279.90/ton. When you run those numbers against current Class III futures, you’re looking at a milk-to-feed ratio of about 1.95.
That’s… not good. Anything below 2.0 is where operations start making hard decisions about cow numbers, breeding programs, and expansion plans. I was talking to a 2,000-cow operation in Wisconsin last week (this is becoming more common), and the manager said something that stuck with me: “We’re not losing money, but we’re not making enough to justify keeping marginal cows in the herd.”
What’s particularly challenging is how feed costs are diverging regionally. In the Texas Panhandle, delivered corn is running $4.45-4.50/bushel. Meanwhile, Iowa producers are seeing $4.05-4.10 delivered. That 35-40 cent spread creates real competitive differences that show up in everything from expansion decisions to culling strategies.
Heat Stress Is Hitting Harder Than Expected
The production impacts from this summer’s heat are honestly more severe than I anticipated. Current industry observations suggest Texas operations are seeing 12-15% drops from peak production during extreme heat periods. That’s not just a temporary dip – that’s the kind of sustained production loss that shows up in regional milk supply numbers.
A large dairy operator in the Texas Panhandle told me yesterday: “We’ve invested millions in cooling systems, but when it’s 108 degrees with 85% humidity for five straight days, even the best technology has limits. Our butterfat numbers are holding better than protein, but the total volume… it’s painful to watch.”
California’s Central Valley tells a similar story, though the infrastructure investments there are helping. Most large dairies are reporting 6-8% production drops from optimal levels, but their cooling systems are preventing the catastrophic losses we’re seeing in less-equipped regions.
What’s particularly noteworthy is how the heat stress is affecting component levels. A nutritionist working with several large California operations mentioned: “The protein depression is more significant than the fat losses. We’re seeing protein drop 0.15-0.20 percentage points during peak heat, which really impacts the component pricing calculations.”
Regional Basis Patterns Are All Over the Map
The basis relationships this year are unlike anything I’ve seen in recent memory. In the Upper Midwest – Wisconsin, Minnesota, northern Iowa – local basis has been running +$0.15 to +$0.30 above Class III as processing plants scramble to secure consistent supply.
A Wisconsin cooperative manager shared: “We’re paying premiums we haven’t seen since 2014. The plants need the milk, and they’re willing to pay for consistency. Our members who can deliver steady volume are seeing +$0.25 to +$0.35 basis regularly.”
The Southwest is a different story entirely. Texas processors are offering +$0.50 to +$0.75 basis premiums to lock in milk supplies, reflecting the heat stress impacts I mentioned. Meanwhile, California’s basis has been more volatile, swinging from +$0.20 to +$0.60 depending on processing plant needs and regional production swings.
But here’s what’s fascinating – the Mountain West is becoming a sweet spot. Idaho and Utah producers are finding themselves with moderate heat stress, reasonable feed costs, and basis relationships holding steady at +$0.25 to +$0.40. One large Idaho operation told me: “We’re actually looking at expansion opportunities. The stars are aligning here in ways they aren’t for our competitors in other regions.”
The Global Picture: Competition, Currency, and Reality
New Zealand’s Season is Shaping Up Strong
Here’s what’s got me concerned about our export competitiveness… According to recent data from NZX, New Zealand’s 2024-25 season is projected to close 1.3% higher than the previous season. That’s additional competition in powder markets where we’ve been finding some success.
Their forecast opening milk price of NZ$9.50/kgMS for the 2025/26 season assumes currency rates that give them significant advantages in Asian markets. When you factor in their lower production costs and favorable exchange rates, they’re pricing us out of markets where we used to compete effectively.
An export trader based in Chicago shared this perspective: “New Zealand’s got the cost structure and the currency working in their favor right now. We’re having to compete on service and reliability because we can’t match their pricing in most Asian markets.”
Currency Headwinds Are Getting Worse
The dollar strength situation is honestly more problematic than most daily reports acknowledge. At current exchange rates, EU cheese exports to Southeast Asia are running 12-15% cheaper than equivalent U.S. products. That’s not a small competitive disadvantage – that’s a market-share killer.
What’s particularly frustrating is how this plays out in real business. Let me give you specific numbers that matter: A 40-foot container of cheese blocks to Singapore costs about $3,200 more if it’s from Wisconsin versus the Netherlands, just due to currency differences. That’s real money that affects real buying decisions.
The Australian dollar at US$0.67 is creating similar competitive pressures in butter markets. Their export butter is effectively 8-10% cheaper than ours in key Asian markets, which explains why we’re seeing more resistance to U.S. butter exports.
A regional export manager put it this way: “We’re losing established customers not because of quality issues or service problems, but purely on price. The currency math just doesn’t work in our favor right now.”
Forward-Looking Analysis: What USDA’s Seeing and What’s Coming
The Official Forecasts Are Getting Interesting
According to USDA’s latest monthly estimates, they’ve raised their 2025 milk production forecast to 228.3 billion pounds – that’s up 500 million pounds from their previous estimate. They’re also maintaining their all-milk price forecast at $22.00 per hundredweight.
But here’s what concerns me about these projections – they’re assuming production growth that might not materialize given the margin pressures we’re seeing. The heat stress impacts, feed costs, and general profitability squeeze are causing some operations to reconsider expansion plans.
From industry observations, the actual herd numbers tell a mixed story. The national dairy herd sits at 9.445 million head according to recent CoBank analysis, which is relatively stable but masks significant regional variations. Some areas are seeing modest growth while others are contracting.
A dairy economist I respect mentioned: “The USDA numbers look optimistic given what we’re seeing on the ground. The margin pressure is real, and it’s starting to show up in production decisions. I wouldn’t be surprised if they have to revise those forecasts lower later in the year.”
Technology Is Quietly Changing the Game
What’s fascinating is how technology investments are starting to create competitive advantages that show up in daily market dynamics. Several large operations are implementing AI-driven heat stress monitoring systems, and early results suggest they can maintain production levels during extreme weather that would traditionally cause significant losses.
A 5,000-cow operation in Arizona shared their results: “Our new monitoring system adjusts cooling automatically based on real-time cow behavior data. We’re maintaining 92% of peak production even during 115-degree days. Two years ago, we’d be down to 78-80% in these conditions.”
The data analytics side is getting more sophisticated too. Large cooperatives are using predictive models not just for production planning, but for milk marketing decisions. It’s not just about reacting to market conditions anymore – it’s about anticipating them.
This development is fascinating because it suggests the traditional seasonal patterns we’ve relied on for decades might be shifting. Producers with better technology and data analytics are gaining advantages that show up in everything from feed efficiency to marketing timing.
Export Markets Are Evolving
Mexico remains our most reliable customer, thank goodness. Their steady demand for NDM and cheese provides a price floor that we might not otherwise have. But even that relationship is evolving as their domestic production capabilities improve.
What’s particularly noteworthy is how the logistics have improved. Cross-border transportation costs have actually decreased 5-8% compared to last year, thanks to better coordination and increased capacity. A major exporter noted: “The Mexico relationship is more than just pricing – it’s about reliability and service. That’s our competitive advantage there.”
Southeast Asia continues to be extremely price-sensitive. Every dollar of currency movement matters there, and we’re fighting for market share against EU and New Zealand suppliers who often have cost advantages we can’t match.
China… well, that’s still a wild card. Their import patterns remain below peak levels as they work through domestic supply adjustments. The competition from New Zealand in whole milk powder remains intense, and frankly, we’re not winning that battle on price.
What Smart Producers Are Doing Right Now
The producers who are thriving in this environment aren’t trying to time the market – they’re managing through the volatility with increasingly sophisticated strategies. DRP enrollment has increased significantly this year, and I’m seeing more interest in collar strategies using options.
A Michigan producer with 1,200 cows shared their approach: “We’re using DRP for 60% of our production and put options for another 20%. That leaves us with 20% exposed to upside while protecting against catastrophic losses. It costs money, but it lets us sleep at night.”
Risk management has become more nuanced. The operations that are sleeping well at night are the ones who have downside protection in place while maintaining upside participation. It’s not about being right about market direction – it’s about being protected regardless of which way things move.
On the operational side, efficiency gains are where the money is. Every tenth of a pound of milk per cow matters when margins are this tight. I’m seeing renewed focus on ration optimization, cow comfort investments, and genomic selection programs that can improve feed conversion.
The Heat Management Investment
What’s particularly noteworthy is how heat stress mitigation is becoming a competitive advantage. Operations that invested in cooling systems, shade structures, and water delivery systems are maintaining production levels that their neighbors can’t match.
The ROI on these investments is becoming clear. A 2,000-cow operation that can maintain 85% of peak production during heat stress versus 70% for their competitor is generating an additional $8,000-10,000 per day in gross revenue. That kind of difference pays for a lot of infrastructure.
A Texas dairy manager put it in perspective: “The cooling investment we made three years ago is paying for itself every summer. When our neighbors are down 15%, we’re only down 5%. That difference is the margin between profit and just breaking even.”
Where We Head from Here
The seasonal patterns suggest we should see some recovery as we move into August and September. School food service programs will be ramping up, and that typically provides demand support for cheese markets. But the question is whether that seasonal boost will be enough to offset the global competitive pressures we’re facing.
What I’m watching most closely is how the heat stress situation evolves. If we get relief in the next few weeks, production could rebound faster than expected. If the heat persists into September… well, that could create supply tightening that supports prices despite the other headwinds.
The futures market is pricing in some recovery – October Class III contracts are trading around $17.80/cwt, suggesting the market expects improvement. But futures markets have been wrong before, and the global competitive situation is more challenging than it’s been in years.
A veteran market analyst offered this perspective: “The fundamentals are mixed at best. Yes, we’ve got some supply pressure from heat stress, but demand isn’t exactly robust either. The real question is whether the seasonal recovery materializes or if we’re looking at a longer period of sideways to weaker pricing.”
Here’s what’s clear: this industry is evolving rapidly, and the producers who thrive will be those who can adapt quickly and manage complexity effectively. Technology investments, sophisticated risk management, and operational efficiency aren’t nice-to-haves anymore – they’re requirements for survival.
The opportunities are there for those who can execute well. Efficient operations with good genetics, proper heat abatement, and smart marketing strategies can still generate decent margins. But the margin for error is smaller than it’s been in years.
Keep your eyes on the fundamentals, manage your risks intelligently, and remember that these market cycles are part of the business. The producers who survive and thrive are the ones who prepare for volatility, not those who hope it won’t happen.
Complete references and supporting documentation are available upon request by contacting the editorial team at editor@thebullvine.com.
Learn More:
- Feed Smart: Cutting Costs Without Compromising Cows in 2025 – Reveals practical strategies for managing feed efficiency when milk-to-feed ratios hit crisis levels, demonstrating how top operations cut feed costs while maintaining production during margin squeezes.
- The Dairy Apocalypse of 2025: Why Your Milk Check is Disappearing and Whos Profiting from It – Exposes the strategic market forces behind falling milk prices and provides actionable biosecurity and efficiency programs that smart producers use to protect profitability during industry upheaval.
- Unlock Hidden Dairy Profits Through Lifetime Efficiency – How Modern Genetics and Strategic Nutrition Can Cut Feed Costs by $251 per Cow – Demonstrates how integrated genetic selection and precision nutrition technologies deliver measurable $251 annual savings per cow, offering concrete solutions beyond basic heat stress management for long-term competitive advantage.
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