Archive for Dairy Nutrition

Discovering the Hidden Benefits of 25-Hydroxy D3 Supplements for Dairy Cow Health

Learn about the benefits of 25-Hydroxy D3 supplements for dairy cows. How can this improved form of vitamin D boost cow health, strengthen immunity, and improve overall performance?

Do you think vitamin D is just about sun exposure and bone health? Think again. New research suggests that 25-hydroxy D3 supplementation may significantly improve the health of dairy cows. This finding, similar to the discovery of vitamin D in the 1920s, has the potential to improve dairy cow health and output dramatically. It is critical for keeping calcium levels stable in all animals, especially dairy cows. Cows with low calcium levels may have milk fever, which may cause muscular difficulties.

But vitamin D’s effects extend beyond the bones. It helps prevent cancer and, more significantly, strengthens the immune system. Enter 25-hydroxy D3, a more straightforward vitamin D for cows to absorb, improving overall health. This new supplement enhances calcium recovery and serves as a shield, reinforcing dairy cows’ immune systems. This improvement in dairy farming promises a healthier herd.

So why should you care? Healthy cows provide better milk, resulting in safer and higher-quality dairy products. Embracing the advantages of 25-hydroxy D3 may help the dairy business and encourage sustainability.

Unveiling the Power of Vitamin D: A Century of Calcium Mastery and Dairy Health. The potential of 25-hydroxy D3 supplements to transform dairy herd management is a testament to the continuous evolution of dairy farming practices.

The potential of 25-hydroxy D3 supplements to improve dairy herd management demonstrates the ongoing development of dairy farming operations. Vitamin D was discovered in the early 1920s while researchers studied rickets, a calcium shortage condition. They noticed that sunshine exposure may prevent rickets, which led to the discovery of vitamin D’s critical function in calcium homeostasis. Maintaining adequate calcium levels is crucial for dairy cows’ health and output. Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption from the stomach. Nonetheless, without enough of it, cows risk experiencing milk fever, which inhibits muscular function owing to low blood calcium levels.

The Critical Role of Vitamin D in Dairy Cow Calcium Homeostasis 

Vitamin D is essential for maintaining calcium levels and performing normal physiological processes. It helps dairy cows absorb calcium from their food. Cows cannot absorb calcium properly if they do not have enough vitamin D, which causes shortages.

A significant issue is milk fever, caused by low blood calcium levels at calving time. This occurs when the cow requires more calcium for milk production but cannot move enough, resulting in muscular weakness and limited mobility. In extreme circumstances, it may be lethal.

Vitamin D prevents milk fever by controlling calcium levels, increasing calcium absorption from the stomach, and mobilizing calcium from bones. However, although vital, vitamin D alone is insufficient to prevent milk fever. Maintaining stable calcium levels requires a complete strategy, including dietary modifications and mineral supplementation.

The Limitations of Vitamin D3 Conversion in Dairy Cows: What You Need to Know

Though this mechanism is limited, dairy cows may convert vitamin D3 from sunshine or supplementation to 25-hydroxy D3. This conversion occurs in the liver, where enzymes convert vitamin D3 to 25-hydroxy D3, the precursor of active vitamin D. This form circulates in the circulation and promotes calcium metabolism. However, the liver can only synthesize a certain amount of 25-hydroxy D3 at a time. Once this limit is reached, excess vitamin D3 is not metabolized correctly, resulting in lower-than-optimal amounts of 25-hydroxy D3 in the blood. This constraint is critical during the prenatal and postnatal periods when dairy cows need appropriate calcium management. This knowledge of the conversion process emphasizes the need for 25-hydroxy D3 supplementation in preserving cow health.

The Journey to 25-Hydroxy D3 Supplements in Dairy Cows: Bridging Nutritional Gaps 

Introducing 25-hydroxy D3 supplements significantly advances animal nutrition, particularly for ruminants. These supplements have been utilized in poultry for over 30 years, although their usage in dairy cows is relatively recent. Europe has just recently legalized their usage. However, several nations have been using them for the previous five to ten years. So, why is there a wait for dairy cows?

Two major elements led to this. First, there needs to be more urgency. Poultry have a harder time absorbing vitamin D3; thus, 25-hydroxy D3 tablets are especially effective. Second, it was considered that ruminants could metabolize enough vitamin D3 to 25-hydroxy D3, making supplementation unnecessary.

However, a new study has indicated that ruminants cannot convert vitamin D3. This finding has increased interest in 25-hydroxy D3 supplementation for dairy cows, which may enhance calcium metabolism and general health. These supplements are helpful when cows’ vitamin D3 conversion is insufficient, such as in the prepartum period.

This comparison of poultry and dairy cows demonstrates their different dietary requirements and reactions. These supplements have been approved, allowing dairy producers to have healthier herds.

Vitamin D3 vs. 25-Hydroxy D3: The Biochemical Edge for Animal Health 

Understanding the difference between vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxy D3 is essential for animal health. Vitamin D3, or cholecalciferol, is created in the skin when exposed to sunshine, but it must be converted before it becomes physiologically active. This process begins in the liver, where vitamin D3 is converted into 25-hydroxy D3 (calcidiol) by attaching a hydroxyl group (-OH) to the 25th carbon of the vitamin D3 molecule. This change considerably increases the action of the vitamin, making it more beneficial to the cow’s health.

The procedure includes attaching a hydroxyl group (-OH) to the 25th carbon of the vitamin D3 molecule, dramatically increasing its activity. Supplementing dairy cows directly with 25-hydroxy D3 avoids the liver stage, making the vitamin instantly accessible.

This direct supplementation assists animals that cannot convert enough vitamin D3 to 25-hydroxy D3, resulting in efficient and quick absorption in the circulation and improved health results.

Maximizing Efficiency: Why 25-Hydroxy D3 Outshines Vitamin D3 in Dairy Nutrition

Regarding efficiency, 25-hydroxy D3 is better absorbed by the body than vitamin D3. Its enhanced form avoids the liver’s conversion step, making it easily accessible for metabolic functions in dairy cows.

Studies have shown that lesser dosages of 25-hydroxy D3 reach blood levels comparable to greater doses of vitamin D3. Experiments with Holstein dairy calves revealed that half the dose of 25-hydroxy D3 produced identical blood concentrations as vitamin D3. This implies improved absorption and cost-effectiveness.

Dairy cows fed with 25-hydroxy D3 may maintain good health at lower doses. In the United States, rules allow up to three milligrams during the prepartum period, but Europe allows just one milligram. Higher blood 25-hydroxy D levels improve various physiological activities, including the immune system, demonstrating the greater effectiveness of 25-hydroxy D3 supplementation.

Beyond Calcium: Unleashing the Immune-Boosting Power of 25-Hydroxy D3 in Dairy Cows

While the link between vitamin D and calcium is widely understood, the advantages of 25-hydroxy D3 extend considerably further. This metabolite is essential in the immune system because it aids in producing antimicrobial peptides and regulating inflammation, both of which are necessary for general health. Furthermore, 25-hydroxy D3 promotes quicker calcium repair in dairy cows. While it does not prevent milk fever, it may speed up the recovery of calcium levels in cows experiencing hypocalcemia, which is crucial for muscular function and general vitality. 25-hydroxy D3’s anti-inflammatory effects help dairy cows recuperate from stress and increase milk production. This makes 25-hydroxy D3 an essential supplement to dairy nutrition since it promotes bone health, a robust immune system, and quick recovery.

Pioneering Research on Maternal and Fetal Vitamin D: Unlocking Lifelong Health for Dairy Herds

Researchers are studying how maternal and fetal vitamin D metabolism, namely vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxy D3, impact fetal growth and development. They are investigating the effects on skeletal and immune system development. Studies look at how these supplements affect the fetus’s development and immunological resilience, paving the way for better health outcomes throughout the animal’s lifetime. Scientists want to understand better how these approaches improve dairy cows’ overall performance and production by monitoring their impacts throughout gestation and early life. This study suggests that early nutritional adjustments may improve the health and efficiency of dairy cows over time.

The Bottom Line

The finding of 25-hydroxy D3 supplements represents a significant advancement in dairy cow health management. These supplements are a more effective and robust alternative to typical vitamin D3, addressing conversion difficulties in dairy cows.

We’ve seen how vitamin D affects calcium control and the distinct advantages of 25-hydroxy D3. These supplements improve calcium recovery after childbirth, strengthen the immune system, and minimize inflammation. 25-hydroxy D3 may improve health outcomes at lower doses than vitamin D3.

The significance of integrating 25-hydroxy D3 into dairy nutrition is evident. Research on maternal and fetal health highlights potential advantages for dairy herd management throughout the lifetime. Embracing 25-hydroxy D3 improves dairy nutrition and promotes healthier, more productive cows.

Investing in this study and using these findings may result in larger, healthier dairy herds. Now is the moment to connect our operations with the most recent scientific advances to ensure the health of our herds.

Key Takeaways:

  • Supplementing dairy cows with 25-hydroxy D3 is beneficial for their overall health and calcium regulation.
  • Vitamin D, essential for calcium homeostasis, has been known and studied for nearly 100 years.
  • While ruminants can convert Vitamin D3 to 25-hydroxy D3, there is a limit to this conversion process.
  • 25-hydroxy D3 supplements are more effective and require lower dosages compared to Vitamin D3 for the same health benefits.
  • Recent approvals have enabled the use of 25-hydroxy D3 in dairy cows, following its long-standing use in poultry.
  • Beyond calcium regulation, 25-hydroxy D3 also enhances immune function by controlling inflammation.
  • Ongoing research is focused on the impact of Vitamin D on maternal and fetal health, as well as lifelong bovine performance.

Summary:

Vitamin D, discovered in the 1920s, is crucial for dairy cows’ health and productivity. 25-hydroxy D3 supplements can improve dairy cow health and output by enhancing calcium recovery and strengthening the cows’ immune systems. Healthy cows produce better milk, resulting in safer and higher-quality dairy products. Vitamin D alone is insufficient to prevent milk fever. 25-hydroxy D3 supplements are especially effective for ruminants, as they have a harder time absorbing vitamin D3 and cannot metabolize enough vitamin D3. Direct supplementation avoids the liver stage, making 25-hydroxy D3 instantly accessible. Studies show that 25-hydroxy D3 promotes quicker calcium repair, bone health, a robust immune system, and quick recovery. Integrating 25-hydroxy D3 into dairy nutrition is crucial for promoting healthier, more productive cows.

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Dairy Nutrition. The K.I.S.S. of Wealth!

Thinking of our personal health and hearing the term ‘nutrition’, you might be motivated to eat more vegetables.  That’s simple and we all like the K.I.S.S. (keep it sweet and simple) principle.

Dairy Breeding is Simple Too

All you have to do is pick the right dairy breed, the right dairy genetics and, at least occasionally, manage to have Mother Nature and the marketplace somewhat on your side and it follows that you will produce buckets of milk and be the proud owner of a sustainable dairy business.  And that’s exactly why we more often face the O.U.C.H. syndrome – Overworked Underproducing Cattle Herds. Why is it that, with all the technology, science and passion at our fingertips, we are missing something?
nutrition consultant scott b

They Are What They Eat!

Cows eat every day.  Cows are milked every day.  It would seem to follow that those simple, daily actions could be the key to simplifying our dairy success.  Perhaps dairy breeders are missing opportunities and should seek expert help from nutrition consultants. After all, meeting production, herd health and economic goals directly affects the profitability of every dairy herd. The tricky part is that every dairy operation has unique issues that must be considered as part of the nutrition solution.

Why Bother With a Nutrition Consultant?

Scott B_ppAn effective nutrition consultant will investigate and analyze all the issues impacting your cows and thus impacting your success.  The Bullvine went to Dr. Scott Bascom to get some insight on the value of working with a nutrition consultant.  Dr. Bascom is the Director of Technical Services at Agri-Nutrition Consulting, Inc. (ANC) (Read more articles about animal nutrition by Dr. Bascom). He confirms “nutrition consultants can design a customized feeding program to meet their client’s specific goals and make the best use of the resources they have on the farm, and are skilled at feeding cows, heifers, and dry cows in a manner that will keep them healthy and highly productive.”  However his years of experience starting at college have given him a wider viewpoint.   While in college he attended a lecture given by Dr. Paul Chandler.   Chandler shared,  “There are many reasons beyond economics that a nutritional consultant provides value.” He feels that one of the best resources that a good nutrition consultant can develop is in maximizing the human side. “You have days when you are also a financial advisor, psychologist, marriage counselor and a loyal friend.” He continues, “At the time I didn’t comprehend what Dr. Chandler meant but now I recognize that he was telling us we would have to go beyond our skill in nutrition to develop a high level of trust with our clients if we were going to be successful.”

Not Just a Quick Fix. And BORING is good too!

The very nature of dairy breeding has conditioned breeders to the fact that any process we implement or change we make must be undertaken not as a short term fix but with a view to profitability for many years to come.  Changes are both feared and welcomed. Feared because they’re never easy.  Welcomed because of the potential for improvement. Dr. Bascom has a somewhat unconventional view of change as it relates to nutrition. “With my clients I am striving for BORING.  I want a boring ration that never changes because we feed the same thing all the time.  I want cows that are BORING because they are healthy, comfortable and get bred in a timely fashion. I want my herd visits to be BORING because we have no major issue to consider. My point is the goal is to get our clients to a place where we are meeting our goals and rarely need to make any big changes.  At this point we make very minor adjustments when we need to make a change.  The cows are happy, the producer is happy, and I am happy.”

From the Bunker to the Bank!

We spend research dollars to identify a cow’s genes to the smallest snippet.  We spend millions of dollars on the cow with the best dairy conformation. But we can’t agree on what to feed her at the bunker. Dr. Bascom feels that dairy nutrition is economically imperative. “The producer that isn’t working with a nutritionist has a lot as risk financially.  The value of feed fed to a lactating cow can be $8 or more per day. For a 100 cow herd the value of feed fed in a year is well over $250,000!  With feed costs so high, optimizing income over feed cost becomes critical. He backs up the statistics with personal experience. “When ANC picks up a new client that was not using a nutritional consultant prior to me, it is not unusual for us to increase income over feed cost by $0.25/cow/day. This adds up to a significant increased annual income.”

Keep Your Money Growing Just for You

“Another significant reason to work with a nutritional consultant is that they can bring new ideas to the farm.  Consultants are exposed to a diverse range of information including what we learn from other clients, trade shows, continuing education, and other people in our support network.  Part of our job as an advisor is to filter through all this information and bring back to our clients what is most applicable to their situation?”

How to Increase Milk Production

As I write this, I begin to see that the practice of nutrition is like the practice of medicine.  Being blessed with both an animal nutritionist and a medical doctor in the family, it is increasingly clear to me that the really good practitioners in either field are the ones who not only understand the science but can put it into practice.  Dr. Bascom readily is a storehouse of working examples derived from dairy nutrition consulting. “Let’s talk about increasing income over feed cost. Often this includes increasing milk production.   However, too often we can fall into the trap of pushing for higher milk production in a way that isn’t profitable. When we decide that higher milk production is the key to increasing income over feed cost then we look at forage quality, cow comfort, facilities, and a variety of management factors to decide how to reach this goal.   The answer is different on every farm.    For example if I have a client that has average days in milk of 250 days then we are not going to increase milk production until we improve reproduction.  On the other hand, a client that is overstocking their facilities might experience an immediate increase in milk per cow and total milk shipped by culling out some of their bottom end cows thus improving cow comfort for the rest of the herd.”

What Does Quality Cost?

In polling dairy breeders who do not use consultants, the number one reason given is that either the consultant or the feed program will be too expensive.  Dr. Bascom appreciates the opportunity to answer this concern. “Again, we start by talking about income over feed cost!  Sometimes decreasing out –of-pocket costs drops income over feed cost! The answer to this question is to look for ways to make the best use of the resources available on the farm.   We ask questions like, are we getting the most value out of the forages we are feeding? Are we feeding commodities that are competitively priced? Are we wasting feed?” Too often we measure financial success by decreased input dollars.  Sometimes we have to spend a little to make more.  A key learning to internalize is that you can waste money just as easily on excessive quality as you can on deficient quality.  Optimum quality is the goal.

Let’s Ruminate on Components!

“In most cases increasing components will increase income over feed cost.  The exception would be in markets that don’t pay premiums for high component milk. Low components could be an indication of cow health issues.   So fat and protein tests are something I watch closely.

The first step in high component milk is about feeding a healthy rumen. Forage quality is paramount.   We need high quality forages to optimize rumen health. So the first step is to make sure forage quality is optimum.  We also balance carbohydrates and degradable protein to encourage rumen health. The rumen bugs produce very high quality protein that drives both milk yield and components. After we have designed a diet for optimum rumen health and to maximize the production of high quality protein by the rumen then we look at additives. These would include bypass protein sources and rumen protected amino acids.”

Beyond the Basics to Practical and Personal

One of the most rewarding aspects of being connected to the dairy industry is hearing stories such as the ones Dr. Bascom shared with us.  “Years ago I worked with a dairyman in the southeastern part of the US that told me I got more milk for him than anyone else. I was only able to get his cows to 50 lbs. of milk but he was close to 30 when we started. This won’t get me on the cover of a major dairy magazine but to him it was a really big deal.”  Of course there are times ANC’s client’s success has meant rising to a challenge. “One of my ANC clients challenged me to feed as much forage as we could feed to his cows and maintain healthy cows, production at 75 lbs. of milk, and high components.    We were able to get the diet up to 82% forage as a percent of dry matter.   We maintained milk at 75 lbs., fat test over 4.0%, protein at 3.3%, cut purchased feed costs, cow health improved, and reproductive performance improved.  I didn’t think we could take the forage to this level without losing milk!”  Every client has different goals, says Bascom. “Several years ago I started working with a new client that markets embryos.   The goals were to maintain fat test at 4.0%, protein at 3.4%, and cut purchased feed cost. We made adjustments to the diet to feed more of their homegrown forages to cut purchased feed cost. We also added a liquid feed to the ration and made some adjustments in how the TMR was mixed.  Not only did we save money but the cows came up in both protein and fat test. This put more money in the milk check and also made more cows in the herd eligible for the foreign embryo market.”

ROF is Good. Return on Relationship (ROR) is Great.

It doesn’t matter what facet of the dairy industry you work in, you’re going to find passionate people.  Dr. Bascom is one of them. “I love cows,” says this ANC consultant and adds, “Following a career in nutrition allows me to be around cows and people who love cows.”  And that is a key motivator for him. “The cow success stories are rewarding but perhaps the most rewarding experiences are the people success stories. I have celebrated weddings and the birth of children with my clients. I have watched their children grow-up and find their way into the dairy operation. I have cried tears at the loss of their loved ones. These experiences are just as rewarding as celebrating high rolling herd averages, the sale of bulls into AI, All-American nominations, and high classification scores. This is very much a people business and it is so rewarding to gain the trust of my clients in a way that they want to share good times and the hard times in life with me.”

The Bullvine Bottom Line

We can all identify with the passion that makes a career in dairying the focus of our daily lives.  However, we can’t let rose colored glasses cause us to limit our dairy herd success.  Dairy nutrition consultants help us to investigate and discover ways to overcome unnecessary or unseen obstacles.  So that leaves the Simple Question: “Why bother with nutrition consultants?”  And leads to the Simple Answer:  “You can’t afford not to.”

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